Front-End Languages Vs. Back-End Languages

Have you recently started programming? You get confused about front-end and back-end languages? You know the language, but you don’t know which one is Front-end language and which one is Back-end Language?

So, I was thinking about some of the things which confused when I was back in University studying Computer Sciences and the first think that popped up into my mind was how I used to be confused between this back-end and front-end. Thankfully I came to understand the differences while at the University but this question still occupied a good time of my first year. So, for all those who are just as confused as I was back then regarding the two, read on!

In the world of client server communication , well there’s really those two things! A client (us) and a server ( the thing which sent you this article when you cam to my blog). This client server architecture over which the complete Internet works. A client asks a server for a piece of information and the server it to the client. And now that I have broken it down so much, there shouldn’t be any doubt as to which is which – the server side is known as back-end in an application while the client-side is known as the front-end.

Front-End:

There can be many types of front-ends: A mobile device is a client and a web browser in your PC is also a client hence both can be referred to as front ends. Front end is for the users who interact with it and therefore design and user experience plays a very major part in its development.

Front-end Languages:

Most commonly browser-based front-end languages are as follows:

  1. HTML
  2. CSS
  3. JavaScript
  4. ActionScript
  5. CoffeeScript
  6. XML-Based Languages(X3D, SMIL, SVG, DITA, some interpreted by the browser, others transformed using XSL)
  7. VBScript
  8. SilverLight
  9. Java (applets)

Languages for PC Desktop Front-ends:

  1. .NET
  2. Java
  3. Visual Basic

Languages for Mobile application front-ends:

  1. Java (Android)
  2. Objective C (iOS)
  3. Swift (iOS)

Back-End:

A beautiful mobile application alone is useless unless you associate it with a proper server through which it can extract information for the user to view and play with. A back end is required always to service the front end and hence the user. But since a user cannot see the back end, no design is involved in it. The back end is essentially just a list of instructions for the computer which tells the server what to do and how to respond to the different kinds of requests. For example, if a mobile user has required a list of all of his friends then that request comes to the server, the server looks into its database to find all of the users friends and then sends the list back to the user.

Back-End Languages:

Most popular back-end languages are as follows:

  1. PHP
  2. Java
  3. Python
  4. Ruby
  5. JavaScript(Node js)
  6. .NET(C#)

Back-End languages other than above are:

  1. Perl
  2. C
  3. C++
  4. SQL
  5. ActionScript
  6. CoffeeScript
  7. ERLANG
  8. R

All of this must have left you scratching your head probably as to what’s this client server architecture that I speak of. Don’t worry, i’ll speak on that too soon! I hope, this will be helpful for you!

Please comment, if I missed anything or misstated anything.

Thanks!

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